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The smallest of the former with almost 30,000 km² USSR republics lies between Georgia. Azerbaijan, the Iran and the Turkey, The country corresponds to the northeastern part of the formerly much larger Armenian settlement area and included in the antiquity in the 7th century BC The entire Anatolian, today Turkish area. Large areas have belonged to Turkey since the 15th century. The mountain is just over the border Ararat where according to Bible after the end of the Flood of Noah's ark landed. The area south of the Caucasus belongs to Transcaucasia, a smaller area was part of the historical one in antiquity Mesopotamia that extended south from here. This is where the cultivated grapevine and viticulture originate somewhere, which, according to the latest research in what is now Turkey, is believed to be in southeastern Anatolia (arrow).
The legendary Argishti I (reigned 785-753 BC) was king of Urartu, a forerunner of today's Armenia. This transformed his capital Tuschpa into a garden city with numerous vineyards. Excavations in the old town of Teschebaini (Karmir Blur) uncovered wine cellars with many large earthen wine pots (pithoi), which were labeled with vintage and quality information. The Greek author Xenophon (430-354 BC) reports that the ancient Armenians fermented not only grapes but also wheat, barley and beans and in craters (Vessels) would have kept. The very strong wine was mostly mixed with water and sucked out of the vessel with a reed. The high-class wine culture experienced through constant Arab and Turkish ideas and the associated Islamic alcohol ban always setbacks.
Today's vineyards are mostly located at altitudes between 400 and 1,700 meters above sea level with a mostly dry, continental climate. Due to the dry summers, an artificial one must prevail irrigation respectively. The areas are two thirds in the Ararat Valley, as well as in the Ararat foothills, in Vayots Dzor and in Zangezur. In 2012, 58,000 hectoliters of wine were produced from 17,000 hectares of vineyards. Around half of the area was used for around 50,000 hectoliters spirits, Armenia is mostly known for its sweet Dessert wines known in the manner of sherry (Ashtarak, Bjurakan), Madeira (Oshakan) Malaga (Arewschat) and port wine (Aigeschat) are generated. The basis is largely around 400 autochthonous Grape varieties, many of them table grapes that 90% ungrafted be grown. Armenia is considered the country with the best quality white wines of the former USSR. The Blend in 2010 (Statistics Kym Anderson ):
| vine | colour | Synonyms or Armenian names | hectare |
| Rkatsiteli | w | Rkatziteli | 2469 |
| Mskhali | w | Ararati, At Uzyum, Mashali | 1093 |
| Garandmak | w | Alani Chagog, Garan Dmak | 931 |
| Kangun | w | Cangoune, Kangoon, Kangoun | 850 |
| Voskeat | w | Kharji, Voskeate, Voskehat | 809 |
| Muscat Blanc / muscatel | w | - | 526 |
| Akhtanak | r | Akchtanak, Haghtanak | ? |
| Aligoté | w | - | ? |
| Areni | r | Areni Chernyi, Areni Noir | ? |
| Cabernet Sauvignon | r | - | ? |
| Chardonnay | w | - | ? |
| Charentsi | r | Charentzi | ? |
| Hadisi | r | Adisi | ? |
| Kakhet | r | Cakhete, Kachet, Kakheti | ? |
| Karmrahyut | r | Karmrahiut, Karmraiute | ? |
| Lalvari | w | Burra, Dana Bouroun, Glglan | ? |
| Megrabuir | r | Karmrahiut, Karmraiute | ? |
| Nerkarat | r | Nerkarata | ? |
| Nerkeni | r | - | ? |
| Pinot Noir | r | - | ? |
| Riesling | w | - | ? |
| Tigrani | r | - | ? |
