The Greek archipelago (also known as Sandorini or Santorini) in the Aegean Sea covers around 90 km². It is the southernmost of the Cyclades group and lies around 100 kilometres north of Crete. The crescent-shaped main island is called Thira and forms a basin with the two islands of Aspronisi (0.14 km²) and Thirasia (9 km²). The ring-shaped island was created by a huge volcanic explosion around 1500 BC, which destroyed the Minoan civilisation (Bronze Age culture).
From the beginning of the 13th to the end of the 16th century, the island was strongly influenced by Venice, which led to the development of an important wine-growing culture. At that time it was named after Santa Irene (St Irene). The high-alcohol sweet wines in particular were highly prized and were shipped to many European countries via the harbour town of Monemvasia (Peloponnese). Although the island was conquered by the Turks in 1579, there were no restrictions on viticulture. Ottoman rule lasted until the Greek revolution in 1821.
The summer is warm and dry with almost no rainfall, the...
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