Croatia

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The country has a very old wine culture, because along the Dalmatian Adriatic coast the Illyrians had already 1000 BC. Chr. Viticulture operated. The Greeks founded from 600 BC Some colonies. The writing "The Feast of the Scholars" dates from this time and reports on the winemaking in the colony of Issa (today's island of Vis). A wine from here was even considered the best of that time ancient wines considered. The roman emperor Probus (232-282) promoted viticulture in the third century AD and the Slavs who settled here in the seventh century continued to cultivate it. After settling in Dalmatia, the Croatians developed viticulture alongside olive growing and fishing as an important branch of the economy. Around 1000 AD the Republic conquered Venice the regions of Dalmatia and parts of Istria and retained rule for over 300 years.

From the beginning of the 12th century, a personal union with the Kingdom of Hungary emerged. In 1232 was founded by Cistercian monks founded a wine cellar in Kutjevo that still exists today. In the middle of the 15th century, Hungary and Croatia suffered severe loss of territory due to the expansion of the Ottoman Empire. After many battles against the Ottomans, much of Croatia came under the administration of the Habsburgs in the 18th century. As a result, there was a mutual influence of viticulture. The privileged import of Italian wines at the end of the 19th century made viticulture difficult. After the Second World War, Croatia became a republic Yugoslavia and in 1991 independently as "Republika Hrvatska".

Croatia - Map and vineyards on the island of Hvar

In 2012, the vineyards covered 29,000 hectares of vineyards, of which 1.293 million hectoliters of wine were produced. The area under vines has decreased by half in just 12 years since 2000. Well-known producers are Enjini Ivan, Katunar, Frano Milos, Grgich Miljenko (cellar master of Grgich Hills in Napa Valley), Milos Frano, Krauthaker Vlado, Skaramuca, Zdjelarevic, Zlatan Otok (Zlatan Plenkovic). There are two distinct wine regions. These are divided into sub-regions and these into cultivation areas. Northern continental Croatia (Continental Hrvatska) extends from Slovenia in the west to the border Serbia in the East. The climate here is continental. The region consists of the seven subregions Moslavina, Plesivica, Podunavlje ( Danube ), Pokuplje (Kupa), Prigorje-Bilogora, Slavonija (Slavonia) and Zagorje-Medjimurje. Two thirds of white wines are produced here.

The Croatian coastal region (Primorska Hrvatska) in the south is best known for Dalmatia, where the vineyards stretch from Rijeka to Dubrovnik. The Mediterranean climate prevails here. The region is divided into five sub-regions, namely Dalmatinska Zagora (Dalmatian hinterland), Hrvatsko Primorje (coastal area with many islands such as Hvar, Korčula, Krk, Lastovo and Vis), Istra (Istria), Sjeverna Dalmacija (North Dalmatia) and Srednja / Juzna Dalmacija (Central and South Dalmatia). Red wines in particular grow here, and are among the best-known Croatian brand wines Dingac. Faros. Peljesac. postup. Prošek and Teran, The Blend 2010 illustrates that many autochthonous Varieties are grown:

vine	colour	Synonyms or name in Croatia	hectare
Riesling	White	graševina	4701
Malvazija Istarska	White	Istarska Malvazija, Malvazija Istarska Bijela	1705
Plavac Mali	red	Crljenak, Kasteljanak	1569
Merlot	red	-	780
Riesling	White	Rizling Rajnski	676
Chardonnay	White	-	668
Cabernet Sauvignon	red	-	646
Plavina	red	Brajda, Plavina Crna	643
Blaufränkisch	red	Frankovka	558
debit	White	Čarapar, Debit Bijeli, Puljižanac	403
Babic	red	Babić Crni, Babić Mali	359
Malvasia Bianca Lunga	White	Maraština, Rukatac, Višana	285
Kraljevina	White	Kraljevina Crvena, Red Portuguese	268
Pošip Bijeli	White	Pošip, Pošipak, Vgorski Bijeli	253
Sauvignon Blanc	White	Sovinjon	249
Gewurztraminer / Traminer	White	Traminac	234
Trbljan	White	Dobrogoština, Kuč, Trbljan Bijeli	231
Terrano / Refosco	red	Teran	228
Pinot gris	White	-	219
Trebbiano Toscano	White	Rogoznička, Šijaka, Ugni Blanc	210
Kujundzusa	White	Kojundzusa, Kujundzusa Bijela	206
Pinot Blanc	White	Pinot Bijeli	188
Syrah	red	Shiraz	187
Pinot Noir	red	Pinot Crni	180
Furmint	White	Moslavac	172
Vranac	red	Vranac Crmnichki, Vranac Crni	149
Sylvaner	White	Silvanac Zeleni	139
Žlahtina	White	Vrbnička Žlahtina, Žlahtina Bijela	135
Ranfol	White	Plavis, Ranfol Bijela	135
Zweigelt	red	-	123
Refosco?	red	-	122
Garnacha Tinta	red	-	103
Cabernet Franc	red	-	95
Cardinal	red	-	91
Tribidrag / Zinfandel	red	Crljenak Kaštelanski	65
Škrlet	White	Ovnek Slatki, Škrlet Tusti, Škrtec	61
Müller-Thurgau	White	-	60
Goldmuskateller (Moscato Giallo)	White	Nutmeg Zuti	59
Rkatsiteli	White	-	57
Muscat Blanc / muscatel	White	Nutmeg Bijeli	56
Kövidinka	White	Dinka Alba, Kevidinka	56
Victoria (1)	White	-	52
Bogdanusa	White	Bogdanjusa, Bogdanusa Bijela	48
Blue Portuguese	red	Portugizac Crni	42
Vugava	White	Bugava, Viskulja, Vugava Bijela	36
Cetinka	White	Blatinka, Blatka, Cetinjka	35
Zlatarica Vrgorska	White	Plavka, Zlatarica Bijela	19
Trnjak	red	Rudežuša, Trnjak Crni	15
Lasina	red	Krapljenica, Kutlarica	14
Rosenmuskateller	red	Muškat Ruža Porečki	14
Gegic	White	Debejan, Debljan, Gegic Bijeli	11
Kerner	White	Kerner Bijeli	4
Župljanka	White	Garganja	4
Babica	red	Babica Crni, Kastelanka	?
Bratkovina Bijela	White	Brabkovica, Mesnac	?
Dišeca Ranina	White	Dišeca Ranina Bijela	?
Dobričić	red	Čihovac, Crljenak Slatinski, Dobričić Crni	?
Drnekusa	red	Darnekusa, Darnekusa Mala, Darnekusa Vela	?
Duranija	White	Brajdenica, Duranija Bijela	?
Glavinuša	red	Carnjenak, Glavanjuša, Okatac	?
grk	White	Gark, Grk Bijeli, Grk Korculanski	?
Gustopupica Crna	red	Gustopup, Gustopupa, Gustopupka	?
Hrvatica	red	Hrvatica Crna, Jarbola, Karbonera	?
Kadarun	red	-	?
Kupusar	red	Crljenak Kupusar, Plavac Kupusar	?
Kurtelaska Bijela	White	Kortolaska, Kurtelasca	?
Ljutun	red	Ljutac, Plavac, Plavac Bedalovac	?
Malvasia di Lipari	White	Malvasija Dubrovačka	?
Medna	White	Buboj, Bumba, Medna Bijela	?
Mladinka	White	Mladenka	?
Ninčuša	red	Lincuša, Mlinčevac, Vincuša	?
Pošip Crni	red	-	?
Prč	White	Čimavica, Parč, Prč Bijeli	?
Rotgipfler	White	Zelenac Slatki	?
Sémillon	White	Semijon	?
Suscan	red	Brajda Velika Crna, Susac, Suscan Crni	?
Vlaška	White	Maraškina Velog Zrna, Prejica	?

Wine categories : In August 2009 the EU wine market regulations with fundamental changes in wine names and quality levels became valid for all member countries. There are the following new names and quality levels (see also in detail under quality system ):

Vino (formerly Stolno Vino or table wine ) = Wine
ZOZP = Regionalno Vino or country wine
ZOI = Kvalitetno Vino / Predikatno Vino or quality wine / Prädikatswein

ZOZP (Zaštićena Oznaka Zemljopisnog Podrijetla)
A country wine with a protected geographical indication.

ZOI (Zaštićena Oznaka Izvornosti)
A quality wine with a protected designation of origin.

Prädikatswein / Predikatno Vino