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Designation (also Ursorte) for a vine who are within a large group in the Vines pedigree as origin ( mother or father) for many other varieties. Naturally, these are all very much old grape varieties, Most of the cultivars cultivated in Western Europe today are based on a relatively small group of leading varieties and their spontaneous (natural) intersections back. The most important is probably Gouais blanc (Heunisch or white Heunisch), of the more than 100 varieties as among others Riesling (Germany), Chardonnay (France), Blaufränkisch and Sylvaner (Austria), as well as Furmint (Hungary).
Picture right: By Dr. med. Joachim Schmid, FA Geisenheim , upload by Martin Bahmann , CC BY-SA 3.0 , Link
Also the grape varieties Traminer (French Savagnin Blanc, most common variety Gewurztraminer ) Chenin Blanc. Sauvignon Blanc and Red Veltliner, such as Pinot (often together with Gouais Blanc often together as parents) have left numerous traces. More than 150 grape varieties come from the three most important Gouais Blanc, Pinot or Traminer by probably natural crossing alone. Other leading varieties with many descendants are Alfrocheiro. Cabernet Franc. Cayetana Blanca. Chasselas. Rèze. Garganega. To lift. Luglienga Bianca. Muscat Blanc. Nebbiolo. Sangiovese. Teroldego and Tribidrag, as well as imported from Spain in South America Listán Prieto (Criolla Chica, Mission, País) and Muscat d'Alexandrie,
Some grape variety groups are often mistakenly referred to as "variety family" because there are numerous varieties with the same name part. The most well-known are Lambrusco. Malvasia. muscatel. Trebbiano and Vernaccia, Not a few within these groups are not related to each other. See also the topic under Vines pedigree and a list of relevant keywords below grapevine,
As Leitsorte but also the proportionate main variety (mostly well over half) in one Cuvée (Cuttings) and also referred to the most important grape variety in the variety levels of a winery.
