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The white grape variety originates from Italy and the former Habsburg Empire of Austria-Hungary. There are around 175 synonyms that testify to its great age and formerly widespread distribution. The most important, grouped alphabetically by country, are Valentin, Valentin Rouge, Velteliner Rouge, Velteliner Rose (France); Herera Valtellina, Rossera, Rossola, Valtellina, Veltliner Rosso, Uva di Saint Valentino (Italy); Ranfolica (Croatia); Ariavina, Feldleiner, Feldleiner Rothlichter, Feldliner, Feldlinger, Fleischroter Veltliner, Fleischrother Velteliner, Fleischrother Veltliner, Fleischtraminer, Fleischtraube, Fleischweiner, Große Fleischtraube, Großer Roter Veltliner, Grosser Traminer, Männliche Ariavina, Ranfolina, Riegersburger Rothköpfel, Roter Riesling, Roter Velteliner, Rotmehlweißer, Rotmuskateller, Roter Muskateller, Rotreifler, Todträger Rotreifler, Ziegelroth (Austria); Buzyn, Roter Veltliner Baldig, Veltlínske Červené(Slovakia); Ryvola Cervena, Tarant Cerveny (Czech Republic); Maucnjk, Mavcnik, Mavenick, Mavenik, Nagyburgundi Kék, Nagy Veltelini, Piros Veltelini, Shopotna (Hungary).

Roter Veltliner - Weintraube und Blatt

The parentage is unknown. Roter Veltliner is considered the leading variety in Austria, which has passed on its genes to many other indigenous varieties. Numerous DNA analyses carried out at the Klosterneuburger Weinbauinstitut (Lower Austria), primarily by grapevine geneticist Dr. Ferdinand Regner, have determined the direct descendants of six varieties and six colour mutations of Roter Veltliner that presumably resulted from natural crosses (see also under Veltliner):

There is no direct link to the Grüner Veltliner variety; however, Roter Veltliner could possibly be a grandparent of it. In some sources it is named as a parent of Děvín and Hetera(Wine Grapes); in the breeding list, however, the mutation Rotweißer Veltliner is given (VIVC catalogue). The late-maturing, high-yielding vine is susceptible to botrytis and sensitive to frost. A special feature of this not unproblematic variety is that the berries often ripen differently on one bunch. However, when the grapes are fully ripe, it produces spicy, extract-rich, acidic white wines with aromas of pepper and almonds, as well as good ageing potential with reduced yields.

The Roter Veltliner variety is particularly widespread in Austria in the two wine-growing regions of Wagram and Weinviertel (Lower Austria). In 2017, it occupied a total of 195 hectares of vineyards here, with a slowly declining trend - in 2000 it was still 258 hectares (ÖWM statistics)). It has been cultivated as a speciality for decades by the Mantlerhof winery in Gedersdorf-Brunn near Krems (Lower Austria) through selection and special care. There are further stocks in Italy (South Tyrol), Slovakia, Switzerland, the Czech Republic and Hungary. In 2011, the variety was included as a "passenger" in the "Ark of Flavour". This makes it one of the foods recognised by the Slow Food Foundation, which aims to protect and preserve them from being endangered by industrial agriculture and the food industry.

Pictures: Ursula Brühl, Doris Schneider, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI)

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Markus J. Eser

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Markus J. Eser
Weinakademiker und Herausgeber „Der Weinkalender“

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