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Shoots

pousse (F)
tralcio (I)
shoot (GB)

Term for the young shoot of a plant. The young one-year-old shoot (Lotte, Schoss) of the vine develops in spring from the winter eyes of the two-year-old wood. Depending on the number of eyes remaining after winter pruning or the length of the one-year-old wood, it is referred to as a cane, a shoot or a cone (see also under bows). The productive development phase of the vine begins in March to April with budding. At the nodes of the shoots, leaves, inflorescences (clusters or later grapes), tendrils and shoots as well as buds for future shoots are formed. A vigorous shoot is characterised by thick nodes and long internodes (distances between the nodes). The shoot length is determined by the number of nodes (up to 20) and the length of the internodes. The ring-shaped tendrils, which are always opposite a leaf, are attachment organs.

Trieb (Zeichnung)

Shoot and fruit growth

For good wine quality, shoot and fruit growth must be balanced. Shoot growth lasts several months and slowly comes to a standstill from véraison (ripening) in the northern hemisphere from the beginning of August. During this period, the colour changes first from green/red to yellow/purple and finally to brown/grey as in the picture below. In the mature final stage, the shoots are woody and thus protected against frost and desiccation. During woody maturity, carbohydrates are stored, which is important for good frost hardiness and the next shoot. Shoot maturity with the lignification process starts at the base of the shoots and continues to the shoot tip (the outermost, about one centimetre long piece). The younger apical areas lignify last and do not mature at all when frost sets in early.

Triebe - Rebstock mit Trauben

Shoots

Excessive foliage can delay wood maturation, so that there is an increased risk of frostbite and desiccation of the shoots that are no longer mature. The shoot tips are therefore very often cut back already at the time of flowering, which is called shoot tip pruning. From the adventitious buds, the so-called water shoot shoots can grow out of the trunk, but these are usually broken off at the time of budding. With certain forms of training (mainly wire-frame training), the shoots must be supported several times a year by stapling. See complete lists under vineyard care (activities) and grapevine (relevant keywords for the plant).

Shoot graphic: taken from Bauer/Regner/Schildberger,
Viticulture, ISBN: 978-3-70402284-4, Cadmos Verlag GmbH
Vine with grapes: by Wolfgang Heubeck on Pixabay

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